Nuclear factor kappa B in urine sediment: a useful indicator to detect acute kidney injury in Plasmodium falciparum malaria

Table 1 Demographic data and clinical data of malaria patients and healthy controls

	P. vivax	P. falciparum uncomplicated	P. falciparum complicated (Cr <3.0 mg/dl)	P. falciparum complicated (Cr ≥3.0 mg/dl)	Healthy controls
n	11	8	10	10	14
Age (year)	24 ± 2.6	27 ± 2.8	27 ± 1.3	30 ± 5.9	31 ± 2.4
Sex (male:female)	11:0	8:0	5:0	5:0	7:7
Parasite (μl) D0	20,376^{a, b}	249,101^{a, b}	670,124^a	547,766^a	0
Parasite (μl) D7	0^c	0^c	0^c	0^c	0
Serum Cr D0	0.8 ± 0.1^b	0.9 ± 0.1^b	1.8 ± 0.2^{a, b}	6.3 ± 0.5^a	0.8 ± 0.0
Serum Cr D7	0.8 ± 0.3^b	0.8 ± 0.6^b	0.7 ± 0.5^{b, c}	8.6 ± 0.2^{a, c}	0.9 ± 0.1
Serum BUN D0	13.4 ± 1.0^b	15.9 ± 2.2^b	32.6 ± 4.7^b	109.4 ± 14.0	NA
Serum BUN D7	12.6 ± 0.8^b	12.4 ± 1.3^b	12.8 ± 0.8^{b, c}	75.6 ± 0.5^c	NA

^aSignificance of p <0.05 compared with healthy controls.
^bSignificance of p <0.05 compared with P. falciparum malaria associated with AKI (Cr ≥3 mg/dl).
^cSignificance of p <0.05 compared with the day of admission.

ISSN: 1475-2875