Clustered local transmission and asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria infections in a recently emerged, hypoendemic Peruvian Amazon community

Table 2 Age and sex distribution of individuals enrolled for active surveillance in at-risk zones. Age groups were classified so as to group children and adolescents separately from adults, while maintaining at least 15 individuals in each age group for each infection status. The prevalence of infection was significantly different by age group, where the children had less P. falciparum and P. vivax infections (Fisher's Exact Test, p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the frequency of males in the total population versus the P. falciparum or P. vivax infected individuals as a whole or when stratifying by age group (Fisher's Exact Test, p > 0.2).

age group (years)	Enrolled in at-risk zone for weekly sampling		P. falciparum		P. vivax		active+passive prevalence
	n =	% Male	N =	% Male	N =	% Male	P. falciparum	P. vivax
0–11	214	49%	19	53%	48	52%	0.09	0.22
12–20	119	41%	19	47%	62	51%	0.16	0.52
21–104	240	46%	36	39%	114	48%	0.15	0.48
Total	573	46%	74	45%	224	50%	0.13	0.39

^a Of the remaining 34 P. falciparum infections detected in passive case detection, but not included in this count, at least 12 occurred in individuals living within at-zones. This is because these individuals were not selected as sentinels for the weekly active surveillance. ^b Five additional P. falciparum and 36 additional P. vivax infections were detected in the community survey. However, they occurred in individuals not selected as sentinels for the weekly active surveillance.

ISSN: 1475-2875