Reduction of transmission from malaria patients by artemisinin combination therapies: a pooled analysis of six randomized trials

Table 2 Gametocytaemia and mosquito level outcomes by treatment group and study.

Study & country	Treatment	Parasitological treatment failure (%)	Mean AUC per day	% gametocyte slide-positive at transmission experiment	N transmission experiments (patients)	% mosquitoes infected*	Mean oocyst density
1. Gambia Targett 2001 [22]	CQ	59.3	67.4	17.4	21	13.4	3.1
	SP	12.9	117.6	37.8	57	5.5	0.5
	SP-AS1	3.8	3.4	16.3	22	8.7	0.5
	SP-AS3	0	11.9	25.4	12	18.8	5.2
	all	23.9	66.2	27.6	112	9.0	1.6
2. Gambia Targett 2001 [22]	SP	-†	-†	64.0	20	10.7	1.5
	SP-AS3			13.4	20	6.1	0.3
	all			23.3	40	8.4	0.9
3. Gambia Drakeley 2004 [20]	CQ	73.5	58.7	49.5	35	13.1	3.9
	CQ-AS	54.7	36.4	26.5	32	5.2	0.4
	all	59.6	42.0	32.1	67	9.3	2.1
4. Gambia Hallett 2006 [13]	CQ	73.5	81.1	54.2	17	5.5	0.8
	SP	57.4	216.2	89.6	30	2.7	0.2
	CQ-SP	19.4	134.8	61.3	20	4.6	1.1
	all	46.0	147.7	64.8	67	4.0	0.6
5. Gambia Sutherland 2005 [21]	CQ-SP	19.0	44.6	41.7	22	3.0	0.1
	AL	15.0	2.9	5.8	39	0.1	0.0
	(Coartem)
	all	15.7	9.9	12.2	61	1.2	0.1
6. Kenya Bousema 2006 [19]	SP	54.1	19.2	37.2	71	7.0	-‡
	SP-AQ	13.4	11.2	31.6	41	4.7
	SP-AS3	17.9	3.9	9.6	41	2.6
	AL	4.1	2.3	6.8	29	4.1
	(Coartem)
	all	25	9.1	21.7	182	5.0

Means are arithmetic. CQ = chloroquine, SP = sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, AS1 = 1-dose artesunate, AS-3 = 3-dose artesunate, AL = artemether-lumefantrine (Coartem), AQ = amodiaquine. AUC = area under the gametocyte density-time curve. For numbers of patients contributing to parasitology outcomes see Table 1.
* mean of percentages per patient
† follow up was only 14 days compared to 28 days in the other studies. Therefore study 2 was not included in analyses involving parasitological failure or the AUC
‡ Oocyst count data was not collected

ISSN: 1475-2875