Different methodological approaches to the assessment of in vivo efficacy of three artemisinin-based combination antimalarial treatments for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in African children

Table 1 Laboratories performing PCR genotyping with assessment of PCR use-effectiveness in 17 in vivo studies of antimalarial drug efficacy

Year	Country & Site	Laboratory	Method used	N	Unresolved by PCR n	Resolved by PCR n	PCR Use- effectiveness [95%CI]
				recurr. after day14
2002	Zambia, Maheba	Rouen France	msp2	43	3	40	93.0
							[80.9–98.5]
2003	Angola, Kuito	IMT Antwerp	msp1+msp2	8	0	8	100.0
							[63.1–100.0]
2003	DRC, Boende	IMT Antwerp	msp1+msp2 +glurp	78	10	68	87.2
							[77.7–93.7]
2003	S Sudan, Nuba	Wellcome Trust/Medical College of Malawi	msp1+msp2	54	15	39	72.2
							[58.3–83.5]
2003	Uganda, Amudat	Epicentre Mbarara	msp1+msp2 +glurp	73	4	69	94.5
							[86.6–98.5]
2003	Uganda, Jinja	UCSF	msp2	27	2	25	92.6
							[75.7–99.1]
2003	Uganda, Kampala	UCSF	msp2	14	0	14	100.0
							[76.8–100.0]*
2004	Angola, Caala	Mbarara University	msp1+msp2 +glurp	6	2	4	66.7
							[22.3–95.7]
2004	Congo, Kindamba	SMRU	msp1+msp2 +glurp	60	24	36	60.0
							[46.5–72.4]
2004	DRC, Kabalo	Epicentre Mbarara	msp1+msp2 +glurp	10	1	9	90.0
							[55.5–99.7]
2004	Guinea, Dabola	Epicentre Mbarara	msp1+msp2 +glurp	14	1	13	92.9
							[66.1–99.8]
2004	Sierra Leone, Kailahun	Paris, Avicenne	msp1+msp2	65	1	64	98.5
							[91.7–100.0]
2004	Uganda, Apac	UCSF	msp2	76	3	73	96.0
							[88.9–99.2]
2004	Uganda, Arua	UCSF	msp2	61	4	57	93.4
							[84.1–98.2]
2004	Uganda, Tororo	UCSF	msp2	120	3	117	97.5
							[92.9–99.5]
2005	Burkina Faso, Bobo-Dioulasso	UCSF	msp1 +msp2 + 4 microsatellites	24	0	24	100
							[85.7–100]*
2005	Uganda, Tororo	UCSF	msp1+msp2	209	4	205	98.1
							[95.2–99.5]
	TOTAL			942	77	865
	Weighted average [CI 95]						91.8 [89.9–93.4]
	Median [range]						93.4 [60–100]

Use-effectiveness = number of children with parasite recurrence resolved by PCR/total number of children with recurrences after day 14.
* One sided 97.5% CIs have been calculated
IMT Institut de Médecine Tropicale Antwerp
KEMRI Kenya Medical Research Institute
SMRU Shoklo Malaria Research Unit, Thailand
UCSF University of California, San Francisco
msp1 merozoite surface protein 1
msp2 merozoite surface protein 2
glurp glutamate rich protein

ISSN: 1475-2875