The usefulness of twenty-four molecular markers in predicting treatment outcome with combination therapy of amodiaquine plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine against falciparum malaria in Papua New Guinea

Table 3 Association between mutated single markers in pfcrt, pfmdr1, pfdhfr and pfdhps and treatment failure with amodiaquine plus sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine

Gene	Polymorphism	OR	95% Confidence Interval	p(LRT)
*pfcrt*	K76T	2.09	0.45–9.70	0.31
*pfcrt*	I326L	2.64	0.58–12.03	0.16
*pfcrt*	N356D	2.64	0.58–12.03	0.16
*pfcr*	A220S	1.23	0.55–2.75	0.62
*pfmdr1*	N86Y	7.87	1.03–60.36	<0.01
*pfmdr1*	Y184F	^§
*pfmdr1*	N1042D	^§
*pfdhfr*	S108N	0.74	0.22–2.51	0.64
*pfdhfr*	C59R	2.34	0.77–7.14	0.11
*pfdhps*	A437G	3.44	1.40–8.47	<0.01
*pfdhps*	K540E	^§

OR, odds ratio; LRT, likelihood ratio test; pfcrt, Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter; pfmdr1, Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance gene 1; pfdhfr, Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase; pfdhps, Plasmodium falciparum dihydropteroate synthase; ^§ mutated alleles were not detected in samples from treatment failure cases

ISSN: 1475-2875