Placental malaria among HIV-infected and uninfected women receiving anti-folates in a high transmission area of Uganda

Table 2 Association between placental malaria and low birth weight, stratified by maternal HIV status.

	Categories of placental malaria	N	Median birth weight (IQR)	LBW (%)	RR (95% CI)
Infants born to HIV- infected mothers on TS (n = 150)	No Infection	120	3.10 (2.70-3.40)	13 (11)	1.0 (reference)
	PCR +/Smear -	21	2.90 (2.60-3.20)^a	3 (14)	1.32 (0.41-4.23)
	Smear +	9	2.30 (2.20-3.00)^b	5 (56)	5.13 (2.36-11.16)
Infants born to HIV- uninfected mothers on IPT-SP (n = 336)	No Infection	249	3.10 (2.70-3.40)	25 (10)	1.0 (reference)
	PCR +/Smear -	57	2.80 (2.60-3.30)^c	12 (21)	2.10 (1.12-3.92)
	Smear +	30	2.70 (2.50-3.00)^d	7 (23)	2.32 (1.10-4.91)

IQR = interquartile range; LBW = Low birth weight (birth weight < 2.50 kg); RR = Relative risk; 95% CI = 95 Percent confidence interval; TS = daily trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole; IPT-SP = intermittent preventive therapy with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine; PCR+/Smear-: placental malaria detected by PCR, but not by blood smear, Smear +: placental malaria detected by blood smear; Comparisons of relative risks of groups with 5 or fewer cases of placental malaria use Fisher's exact test, other comparisons use the chi-squared test.
^a p-value = .12 compared to infants born to HIV-infected mothers with no infection
^b p-value < .01 compared to infants born to HIV-infected mothers with no infection
^c p-value < .05 compared to infants born to HIV-uninfected mothers with no infection
^d p-value < .01 compared to infants born to HIV-uninfected mothers with no infection

ISSN: 1475-2875