Infection of the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, with two species of entomopathogenic fungi: effects of concentration, co-formulation, exposure time and persistence

Table 2 Kaplan-Meier pair wise comparisons of the median survival times (MST) of An. gambiae s.s. females exposed to 2 × 10¹⁰ conidia m^-2 of co-formulated Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE-30 and Beauveria bassiana I93-825.

Ratio of Ma:Bb	MST ± SE	1:0	1:1	2:1	4:1
Increasing ratio of *M. anisopliae*
Control	13 ± 0.73	χ² = 132.57	χ² = 109.63	χ² = 134.20	χ² = 121.23
		p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*
1:0	6 ± 0.12		χ² = 0.15	χ² = 0.29	χ² = 1.37
			p = 0.70	p = 0.60	p = 0.24
1:1	6 ± 0.21			χ² = 0.65	χ² = 2.59
				p = 0.34	p = 0.07
2:1	6 ± 0.16				χ² = 0.53
					p = 0.46
Increasing ratio of *B. bassiana*
Control	13 ± 0.73	χ² = 128.01	χ² = 109.63	χ² = 133.22	χ² = 114.34
		p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*
0:1	5 ± 0.19		χ² = 1.63	χ² = 0.004	χ² = 0.29
			p = 0.20	p = 0.93	p = 0.59
1:1	6 ± 0.21			χ² = 0.29	χ² = 3.10
				p = 0.59	p = 0.08
1:2	6 ± 0.19				χ² = 3.24
					p = 0.06

Note: The co-formulation was applied at different ratios of conidia (1:0, 1:1, 2:1 and 4:1) of M. anisopliae to B. bassiana.

ISSN: 1475-2875