Infection of the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, with two species of entomopathogenic fungi: effects of concentration, co-formulation, exposure time and persistence

Table 5 Kaplan-Meier pair wise comparisons of the median survival times (MST) of An. gambiae s.s. females exposed to surfaces 1, 14 and 28 d after treatment with different concentrations (2 × 10⁹, 2 × 10¹⁰ and 4 × 10¹⁰ conidia m^-2) of B. bassiana I93-825.

Comparison of:		Different concentrations within same time post-application			The same concentration between different times post-application
	MST ± SE	2 × 10 ⁹	2 × 10 ¹⁰	4 × 10 ¹⁰	14 d	28
1 d
Control	15 ± 0.95	χ² = 5.73	χ² = 20.48	χ² = 16.50	χ² = 0.08	χ² = 0.01
		p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p = 0.77	p = 0.32
2 × 10⁹	11 ± 0.42		χ² = 7.03	χ² = 5.01	χ² = 0.61	χ² = 4.09
			p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p = 0.44	p < 0.001*
2 × 10¹⁰	9 ± 0.55			χ² = 0.24	χ² = 1.74	χ² = 6.36
				p = 0.63	p = 0.19	p < 0.001*
4 × 10¹⁰	9 ± 0.79				χ² = 0.09	χ² = 6.03
					p = 0.77	p < 0.001*
14 d
Control	16 ± 1.15	χ² = 29.08	χ² = 52.46	χ² = 49.02		χ² = 0.43
		p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*		p = 0.54
2 × 10⁹	12 ± 0.44		χ² = 4.23	χ² = 7.04		χ² = 5.12
			p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*		p < 0.001*
2 × 10¹⁰	10 ± 0.67			χ² = 0.37		χ² = 1.79
				p = 0.54		p = 0.18
4 × 10¹⁰	10 ± 0.45					χ² = 0.40
						p = 0.53
28 d
Control	16 ± 1.15	χ² = 47.61	χ² = 34.67	χ² = 55.76
		p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*
2 × 10⁹	13 ± 0.42		χ² = 7.56	χ² = 4.92
			p < 0.001*	p < 0.001*
2 × 10¹⁰	12 ± 0.54			χ² = 0.249
				p = 0.11
4 × 10¹⁰	12 ± 0.64

ISSN: 1475-2875