Table 2 Univariate and multivariate regression analysis of risk factors for asymptomatic malaria
| Â | n (%) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis |
|---|---|---|---|
odds ratio (CI), P value | odds ratio (CI), P value | ||
Malaria positive | 43 (11.9) | – | – |
Age group | |||
 <5 | 60 (16.67) | 1 | 1 |
 6–10 | 60 (16.67) | 1.336 (0.46–3.86), 0.59 | 1.6 (0.26–9.70), 0.61 |
 11–15 | 60 (16.67) | 1.7 (0.61–4.73), 0.31 | 2.10 (0.31–14.17), 0.45 |
 16–20 | 60 (16.67) | 0.841 (0.27–2.67), 0.77 | 0.64 (0.09–4.41), 0.65 |
 21–40 | 60 (16.67) | 0.688 (0.21–2.3), 0.55 | 0.50 (0.1–2.51), 0.40 |
 Over 40 | 60 (16.67) | 0.688 (0.21–2.3), 0.55 | 0.82 (0.19–3.53), 0.79 |
Sex | |||
 Female | 196 (54.40) | 1 | 1 |
 Male | 164 (45.56) | 0.86 (0.46–1.6), 0.65 | 1.06 (0.49–2.27), 0.89 |
Cluster | |||
 Ak | 60 (16.67) | 1 | 1 |
 Kw | 60 (16.67) | 1.19 (0.38–3.78), 0.77 | 0.63 (0.15–2.59), 0.52 |
 Lh | 60 (16.67) | 1.59 (0.53–4.78), 0.41 | 1.38 (0.33–5.74), 0.66 |
 Ns | 60 (16.67) | 1.39 (0.45–4.27), 0.58 | 0.69 (0.18–2.72), 0.60 |
 Nt | 60 (16.67) | 0.82 (0.24–2.84), 0.75 | 0.58 (0.13–2.58), 0.48 |
 Pl | 60 (16.67 %) | 1.39 (0.45–4.27), 0.58 | 1.67 (0.43–6.41), 0.46 |
Protection | |||
 A | 23 (6.38) | 1 | 1 |
 Mc | 48 (13.3) | 1.1 (0.3–4.02), 0.89 | 1.05 (0.23–4.89), 0.95 |
 Mn | 74 (20.56) | 0.34 (0.08–1.40), 0.14 | 0.28 (0.05–1.47), 0.13 |
 Mns | 30 (8.33) | 0.34 (0.06–2.04), 0.24 | 0.22 (0.03–1.93), 0.17 |
 Ms | 48 (13.33) | 0.55 (0.13–2.29), 0.41 | 0.47 (0.09–2.50), 0.37 |
 Msc | 18 (5.00) | 1.36 (0.29–6.38), 0.70 | 1.65 (0.27–10.28), 0.59 |
 N | 108 (30.00) | 0.71 (0.21–2.39), 0.58 | 0.55 (0.13–2.38), 0.42 |
SCDa | |||
 AA | 276 (76.67) | 1 | 1 |
 AC | 30 (8.33) | 8.03 (3.4–18.5), <0.05 | 11.92 (4.30–33.08), <0.05 |
 AS | 43 (11.94) | 1.70 (0.65–4.44), 0.28 | 2.124 (0.69–6.54), 0.19 |
Last malaria episode | |||
 <3 months | 48 (13.33) | 1 | 1 |
 4–6 months | 11 (3.06) | 1.3 (0.23–7.33), 0.77 | 2.41 (0.32–17.88), 0.39 |
 7–12 months | 17 (4.72) | 0.78 (0.15–4.18), 0.77 | 0.93 (0.133–6.60), 0.95 |
 >1 year | 15 (4.17) | 1.47 (0.33–6.54), 0.62 | 1.41 (0.23–8.72), 0.71 |
 Can not remember | 251 (69.72) | 0.70 (0.29–1.72), 0.45 | 0.69 (0.23–2.09), 0.51 |
 Never had | 18 (5.00) | 0.73 (0.14–3.90), 0.72 | 0.61 (0.08–4.95), 0.64 |
Fever remedy | |||
 Combine | 152 (42.2) | 1 | 1 |
 Hospital | 73 (20.23) | 0.76 (0.29–2.03), 0.59 | 1 (0.32–3.13), 1 |
 Herbal | 23 (6.39) | 0.81 (0.17–3.78), 0.79 | 1.40 (0.25–7.79), 0.7 |
 Ignore | 12 (3.33) | 0.78 (0.09–6.38), 0.81 | 0.76 (0.06–10.05), 0.84 |
 No remedy | 37 (10.28) | 1.98 (0.75–5.24), 0.17 | 2.88 (0.85–9.73), 0.04 |
 OTC | 63 (17.5) | 1.80 (0.78–4.13), 0.17 | 2.86 (1.05–7.80), 0.09 |
Education | |||
 Nil | 162 (45) | 1 | 1 |
 Primary | 116 (32.22) | 1.25 (0.59–2.68), 0.56 | 0.59 (0.14–2.49), 0.47 |
 Secondary | 74 (20.56) | 1.77 (0.79–3.95), 0.17 | 1.97 (0.45–8.54), 0.37 |
 Tertiary | 8 (2.22) | 1.30 (0.15–11.28), 0.81 | 2.26 (0.19–26.85), 0.52 |