Table 4 Factors associated with Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum seropositivity as a marker for exposure

Age group (years)

 ≤5

1

–

1

–

1

–

1

–

 6–20

1.89*

1.44–2.47

1.91*

1.44–2.53

1.93***

1.15–3.23

1.87***

1.11–3.15

 >20

7.28*

5.61–9.45

7.67*

5.83–10.10

3.05*

1.90–4.91

2.73*

1.69–4.39

 Sex—male

0.60*

0.49–0.74

1.02

0.70–1.48

 Camp resident 6 months

0.29

0.08–1.13

0.11*

0.04–0.28

0.15*

0.05–0.42

 Travel 3 months

1.93*

1.50–2.49

1.95**

1.31–2.91

1.55***

1.04–2.29

 Fever 2 weeks

3.18*

2.21–4.57

3.29*

2.20–4.91

2.03***

1.08–3.82

1.99***

1.05–3.77

 IRS 12 months

1.30

0.78–2.14

1.51

0.60–3.79

 ITN last night

0.88

0.23–1.08

1.36

0.87–2.11

 Use mosquito repellants

0.69*

0.58–0.81

0.68*

0.56–0.82

0.64***

0.44–0.91

0.65***

0.45–0.94

 Sought malaria treatment

3.47*

2.33–5.17

2.06***

0.99–4.24

 Roof—iron

0.91

0.73–1.15

1.58***

1.02–2.45

1.63***

1.04–2.55

 Eaves—closed

0.92

0.74–1.14

0.70

0.45–1.06

 Animal ownership

1.58*

1.29–1.93

1.63*

1.30–2.05

0.86

0.57–1.30

SES

 1

1

–

1

–

 2

0.77

0.56–1.06

0.90

0.47–1.71

 3

1.03

0.76–1.41

1.03

0.55–1.92

 4

1.20

0.89–1.61

0.68

0.34–1.36

 5

0.96

0.71–1.31

1.35

0.73–2.50