Table 6 Epidemiological characteristics of 163 blood donors identified as responsible for transfusion-transmitted malaria in the American continent, from 1991 to 2015
Characteristics | Number of cases | Proportion (%) |
|---|---|---|
Sex (n = 103; completeness = 63.2%) | ||
 Male | 84 | 81.6 |
 Female | 19 | 18.4 |
Age groups (years) (n = 17; completeness = 10.4%) | ||
 17–20 | 6 | 35.3 |
 21–30 | 9 | 52.9 |
 ≥31 | 2 | 11.8 |
History of living or traveling to endemic areas (n = 63; completeness = 38.7%) | ||
 Yes | 61 | 96.8 |
 No | 2 | 3.2 |
Probable site of infection (n = 59; completeness = 36.2%) | ||
 Sub-Saharan Africa | 36 | 61.0 |
  Nigeria | 11 | 18.6 |
  Ghana | 6 | 10.2 |
  Liberia | 6 | 10.2 |
  Other Sub-Saharan countries | 13 | 22.0 |
 Latin America | 9 | 15.3 |
  Central American countries | 3 | 5.1 |
  Brazilian Atlantic Coast | 2 | 3.4 |
  Mexico | 2 | 3.4 |
  Colombia | 1 | 1.7 |
  Venezuela | 1 | 1.7 |
 Vietnam | 5 | 8.5 |
 India | 2 | 3.4 |
 Mediterranean countries | 7 | 11.9 |
  Greece | 4 | 6.8 |
  Other Mediterranean countries | 3 | 5.1 |
History of previous episodes of malaria (n = 33; completeness = 20.2%) | ||
 Yes | 11 | 33.3 |
 No | 22 | 66.7 |
Plasmodium species found (n = 130; completeness = 79.8%) | ||
 Plasmodium falciparum | 56 | 43.1 |
 Plasmodium malariae | 36 | 27.7 |
 Plasmodium vivax | 30 | 23.1 |
 Plasmodium ovale | 7 | 5.4 |
 Mixed P. falciparum–P. vivax | 1 | 0.7 |
Method(s) evidencing Plasmodium infection (n = 134; completeness = 82.2%) | ||
 IIF alone | 66 | 49.3 |
 Microscopy plus IIF | 45 | 33.6 |
 Microscopy alone | 11 | 8.2 |
 IIF plus PCR | 5 | 3.7 |
 Microscopy plus IIF plus PCR | 3 | 2.2 |
 PCR alone | 3 | 2.2 |
 Bone marrow aspirate examination alone | 1 | 0.8 |