Evidence of metabolic mechanisms playing a role in multiple insecticides resistance in Anopheles stephensi populations from Afghanistan

Table 3 Mean enzyme activities and enzyme ratios (ER) measured in An. stephensi populations from Afghanistan

Enzyme	Population	Mean	ER ± SE
Alpha esterase	Beech	0.000606935	1
	Kunar	0.000882944	1.45 ± 0.04
	Nangarhar	0.001281330	2.11 ± 0.005
Beta esterase	Beech	0.000560930	1
	Kunar	0.000912961	1.62 ± 0.06
	Nangarhar	0.001039151	1.85 ± 0.02
GST	Beech	0.094644126	1
	Kunar	0.125687826	1.33 ± 0.05
	Nangarhar	0.170861991	1.8 ± 0.025
Cytochrome P450s	Beech	0.000056364	1
	Kunar	0.000126040	2.23 ± 0.12
	Nangarhar	0.000143667	2.54 ± 0.13
pNPA	Beech	0.180557226	1
	Kunar	0.292412987	1.61 ± 0.09
	Nangarhar	0.316713874	1.75 ± 0.013
% AChE inhibition	Beech	70.977705297	1
	Kunar	56.690061678	0.79 ± 0.02
	Nangarhar	51.579518613	0.72 ± 0.05

% AChE inhibition is the percentage of acetylcholine esterase inhibition of the field populations compared with the Beech susceptible strain

ISSN: 1475-2875