Insecticide resistance patterns in Uganda and the effect of indoor residual spraying with bendiocarb on kdr L1014S frequencies in Anopheles gambiae s.s.

Table 3 Results of logistic regression analysis of kdr L1014S homozygosity in Anopheles gambiae s.s. in Uganda

Variable	OR	SE	t	p	[95% CI]
Spray status
Not sprayed	1
Sprayed with bendiocarb	0.328	0.103	−3.55	0.001	[0.173, 0.623]
Collection type
Collected as larvae	1
Collected as adults indoors	2.847	0.543	5.49	<0.001	[1.928, 4.202]
Annual rainfall (mm)	0.987	0.003	−4.45	0.010	[0.981, 0.993]
LLINs found hanging (LLIN use)	1.53 × 10⁻⁵	6.21 × 10⁻⁵	−2.74	0.001	[3.89 × 10⁻⁹, 0.060]
Annual rainfall × LLINs found hanging	1.008	0.003	−2.69	0.012	[1.002, 1.015]

Number of strata = 3; study sites included = 33; number of mosquitoes = 1910; design degrees of freedom = 30; F(5,26) = 37.5; p < 0.001