Fig. 1

Study site in western Kenya. Inset shows Kenya with small red square indicating location of the study region in western Kenya. The larger map shows the boundaries of 76 villages in Asembo and the seasonal streams within the community, with black dots showing the geolocations of all households in the community. The 8 by 8 km border shows the extent of pyrethrum spray catch sampling in this study, with red dots showing the 525 houses sampled for adult Anopheles. The 10 by 10 km border shows the extent of the larval habitat model described in “Methods”