Fig. 1
Model of malaria epidemiology. A modified version of the P. falciparum transmission model detailed in [11, 17] was used to simulate the impact of treatment. Human hosts may be in state S (susceptible), D (diseased not treated), T (diseased, destined to be treated after 5 days), P (under chemoprophylaxis), A (carrying asymptomatic infection), or U (carrying undetectable infection). Recovery rates are denoted by r with the state of origin as subscript; an exception is recovery due to MDA which is indicated as rMDA. Further parameters are the force of infection Λ, the fraction of blood-stage infections that result in clinical symptoms Φ, and the fraction of clinical cases treated fT. The model additionally includes age structure, immunity and heterogeneous exposure to mosquito bites (not shown)