Table 5 Characteristics of the trips made within Swaziland, by positive and negative cases, with a percentage (%) of the total group size (n) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)
From: Travel patterns and demographic characteristics of malaria cases in Swaziland, 2010–2014
Variable | Characteristics | Risk factors | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Positive cases | Negative cases | p(χ2) | OR (95% CI) | Pr(>|z|) | |||
n | % (95% CI) | n | % (95% CI) | ||||
Total | 207 | 720 | |||||
Reason of travel | 0.2701 | ||||||
Lives/staying there | 17 | 8.21 (4.47–11.95) | 161 | 22.36 (19.32–25.40) | 1 | ||
Business | 9 | 4.35 (1.57–7.13) | 32 | 4.44 (2.94–5.95) | 2.66 (1.05–6.4) | 0.0315 | |
Holiday | 3 | 1.45 (−0.018–3.08) | 20 | 2.78 (1.58–3.98) | 1.42 (0.31–4.71) | 0.6001 | |
Other | 7 | 3.38 (0.92–5.84) | 34 | 4.72 (3.17–6.27) | 1.95 (0.71–4.91) | 0.1704 | |
Visiting friends/relatives | 63 | 30.43 (24.17–36.70) | 467 | 64.86 (61.37–68.35) | 1.28 (0.74–2.31) | 0.3952 | |
Didn’t respond* | 108 | 52.18 (45.37–58.99) | 6 | 0.84 (0.17–1.50) | |||
Travel protection (All) | 0.0011 | ||||||
Any protection | 9 | 4.35 (1.57–7.13) | 82 | 11.39 (9.07–13.71) | 1 | ||
No protection | 197 | 95.17 (92.25–98.09) | 632 | 87.78 (85.39–90.17) | 2.84 (1.48–6.17) | 0.0038 | |
Didn’t respond* | 1 | 0.48 (−0.46–1.42) | 6 | 0.83 (0.17–1.50) | |||
Travel protection | <0.0001 | ||||||
Bed net | 2 | 0.97 (−0.36–2.30) | 80 | 11.11 (8.82–13.41) | 1 | ||
No protection | 197 | 95.17 (92.25–98.09) | 632 | 87.78 (85.39–90.17) | 12.47 (3.88–76.21) | 0.0005 | |
Repellent coil | 1 | 0.48 (−0.46–1.42) | 2 | 0.28 (−0.12–0.66) | 20 (0.75–337.99) | 0.0347 | |
Chemoprophylaxis (chemop) | 6 | 2.9 (0.61–5.18) | 0 | ||||
Didn’t respond* | 1 | 0.48 (−0.46–1.42) | 6 | 0.83 (0.17–1.50) | |||
Bed net at home | 0.0004 | ||||||
Bed net | 47 | 22.71 (17–28.41) | 256 | 35.56 (32.06–39.05) | 1 | ||
None | 160 | 77.29 (71.59–83) | 464 | 64.44 (60.95–67.94) | 1.88 (1.32–2.72) | 0.0006 | |