Table 2 Epidemiological and clinical analysis according to 5-years periods
Total (%) | Period I (2007–2011) (%) | Period II (2012–2016)a (%) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of cases | 190 (100) | 72 (37.9) | 118 (62.1) | – |
Incidence (/10,000 hab/year) | 0.47 | 0.36 | 0.58 | <0.001 |
Mean age (DE) | 32.0 (13.8) | 30.3 (12.5) | 33 (14.5) | NS |
Sex | ||||
Men | 121 (63.7) | 50 (69.4) | 71 (60.2) | NS |
Women | 69 (36.3) | 22 (30.6) | 47 (39.8) | |
Species | ||||
P. falciparum | 122 (64.2) | 55 (76.4) | 67 (56.8) | |
P. vivax | 44 (23.2) | 6 (8.3) | 38 (32.2) | <0.001 |
P. ovale | 2 (1.1) | 2 (2.8) | 0 (0) | |
P. malariae | 3 (1.6) | 2 (2.8) | 1 (0.8) | |
P. spp. | 14 (7.4) | 5 (6.9) | 9 (7.6) | |
Co-infectionsb | 5 (2.6) | 2 (2.8) | 3 (2.5) | |
Positive immunocromatography (n = 126) | 109 (86.5) | 40 (88.9) | 69 (85.2) | NS |
Travel destination | ||||
Sub-Saharan Africa | 142 (74.7) | 66 (91.7) | 76 (64.4) | <0.001 |
Indian sub-continent | 46 (24.2) | 6 (8.3) | 40 (33.9) | <0.001 |
America | 2 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 2 (1.7) | |
Length of trip ≤ 30 days (n = 147) | 39 (26.5) | 19/54 (35.2) | 20/93 (21.5) | 0.07 |
Presence of risk factorsc | 8 (4.2) | 4 (5.6) | 4 (3.4) | NS |
Immigrant | 164 (84.3) | 63 (87.5) | 101 (85.6) | NS |
Travel reason | ||||
Tourism | 8 (4.2) | 5 (6.9) | 3 (2.5) | 0.04 |
VFR | 171 (90) | 66 (91.7) | 105 (89) | |
Business | 11 (5.8) | 1 (1.4) | 10 (8.5) | |
Prior travel advice | 26 (13.7) | 6 (8.3) | 20 (16.9) | NS |
Chemoprophylaxis | 19 (10) | 4 (5.6) | 15 (12.7) | NS |
Severity | 34 (17.9) | 13 (18.1) | 21 (17.8) | NS |
Parasitaemia > 4% | 19 (10) | 7 (9.7) | 12 (10.2) | NS |
Treatment | ||||
Quinine | 71 (37.4) | 37 (51,4) | 34 (28.8) | 0.001 |
Artemether | 4 (2.1) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.5) | |
Atovaquone/Prog. | 62 (32.6) | 17 (23.6) | 45 (38.1) | 0.003 |
Other | 53 (27.9) | 17 (23.6) | 36 (30.5) | |
Sequelae at discharge | 3 (1.6) | 0(0) | 3 (2.5) | NS |
Favourable clinical evolution (to 30 days) | 190 (100) | 72 (100) | 118 (100) | NS |
Mortality | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NS |