Table 1 Risk factors for placental malaria infection in Sudanese women using univariate and logistic regression analyses
From: Placental malaria and its effect on pregnancy outcomes in Sudanese women from Blue Nile State
Characteristics | N (%) of the total | Placental positive, N (%) | Univariate analyses | Logistic regression analyses | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | P | |||
Site of collection | ||||||
 Ed-Dmazen Hospital | 372 (32.4) | 263 (38.8) | 2.8 (2.1–3.7) | <0.001 | 1.1 (0.6–1.8) | 0.831 |
 El-Roseires Hospital | 227 (19.8) | 162 (23.9) | 2.9 (2.1–4.1) | <0.001 | 0.6 (0.4–1.0) | 0.051 |
 Surgical complex | 550 (47.9) | 252 (37.2) | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Age groups (years)a | ||||||
 <23.3 | 674 (58.7) | 561 (82.9) | 15.3 (11.4–20.5) | <0.001 | 3.2 (1.9–5.5) | <0.001 |
 ≥23.3 | 475 (41.3) | 116 (17.1) | Reference |  | Reference | |
Parity | ||||||
 Primiparae | 553 (48.1) | 459 (67.8) | 23.1 (15.9–33.6) | <0.001 | 3.9 (2.1–7.6) | <0.001 |
 Secundiparae | 297 (25.8) | 166 (24.5) | 6.0 (4.1–8.7) | <0.001 | 2.8 (1.5–5.1) | <0.001 |
 Multiparae | 299 (26.0) | 52 (7.7) | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Residence | ||||||
 Rural | 347 (30.2) | 256 (37.8) | 2.4 (1.9–3.3) | <0.001 | 0.7 (0.5–1.2) | 0.244 |
 Urban | 802 (69.8) | 421 (62.2) | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Education | ||||||
 <Secondary level | 922 (80.2) | 589 (87.0) | 2.7 (2.0–3.7) | <0.001 | 1.7 (1.0–2.8) | 0.049 |
 ≥Secondary level | 227 (19.8) | 88 (13.0) | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Antenatal care visits | ||||||
 Not attended | 697 (60.7) | 566 (83.6) | 13.2 (9.9–17.6) | 0.001 | 11.9 (7.8– 18.1) | <0.001 |
 Attended | 452 (39.3) | 111 (16.4) | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Use bed nets | ||||||
 No | 1047 (91.1) | 659 (97.3) | 2.0 (1.6–2.4) | <0.001 | 3.5 (1.7–6.8) | <0.001 |
 Yes | 102 (8.9) | 18 (2.7) | Reference |  | Reference |  |
Peripheral malaria | ||||||
 Positive | 434 (37.8) | 416 (61.4) | 40.2 (24.4–66.0) | <0.001 | 13.5 (7.6–23.9) | <0.001 |
 Negative | 715 (62.2) | 261 (38.6) | Reference |  | Reference |  |