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Table 4 Effects of the iCCM intervention on appropriate treatment for febrile childhood conditions among U5 children at drug shops in South Western Uganda from 2013 to 2014; difference-in-difference analysis

From: Integrated community case management by drug sellers influences appropriate treatment of paediatric febrile illness in South Western Uganda: a quasi-experimental study

 

Observed percentage (crude)

Effect estimate of the iCCM intervention (crude)

Observed percentage (adjusted)

Effect estimate of the iCCM intervention (adjusted)

Intervention arm

Comparison arm

Change in percentage

95% CI

p value

Intervention arm

Comparison arm

Change in percentage

95% CI

p value

Child cases with fever, pneumonia symptoms and diarrhea

 Pre-intervention

n = 212

n = 216

        

 Post-intervention

n = 285

n = 268

        

Appropriate treatment for the childhood conditions

 Uncomplicated malariaa

  Pre-intervention

8.3

31.9

80.2

53.9, 106.5

< 0.001

− 65.3

− 38.5

34.5

8.6, 60.4

< 0.009

  Post-intervention

57.4

0.9

   

− 51.9

− 59.6

   

 Pneumonia symptomsb

  Pre-intervention

0

0

65.5

51.2, 79.8

< 0.001

− 56.1

− 56.9

54.7

28.4, 81.0

< 0.001

  Post-intervention

65.5

0

   

− 0.4

− 55.8

   

 Non-bloody diarrheac

  Pre-intervention

51.3

45.7

31.4

0.8, 62.0

0.045

5.3

− 10.1

− 11.2

− 65.5, 43.1

0.687

  Post-intervention

65.6

28.6

   

− 11.8

− 16.0

   
  1. aControlled for child presenting with fever or history of fever, testing child with malaria RDT, counting respiratory rate of child, care-seeker being friends with drug seller, if care-seeker paid for diagnostic tests, time to get from home to drug shop, R-square = 0.75
  2. bControlled for child presenting with fever or history of fever, child presenting with cough or difficulty in breathing, testing child with malaria RDT, if child did not undergo any diagnostic testing, how care-seeker decided to buy medicine, care-seeker being friends with drug seller, care-seeker sex, child’s condition not being severe, R-square = 0.66
  3. cControlled for child presenting with signs of fever or history of fever, cough or difficulty in breathing, diarrhoea, counting respiratory rate of child, measuring temperature of child, if care-seeker was made to repeat treatment instructions, seeking care elsewhere before coming to drug shop, how care-seeker decided to buy medicine, care-seeker being able to take medicines on credit, good customer service at drug shop, R = 0.29