Integrated community case management by drug sellers influences appropriate treatment of paediatric febrile illness in South Western Uganda: a quasi-experimental study

Table 4 Effects of the iCCM intervention on appropriate treatment for febrile childhood conditions among U5 children at drug shops in South Western Uganda from 2013 to 2014; difference-in-difference analysis

	Observed percentage (crude)		Effect estimate of the iCCM intervention (crude)			Observed percentage (adjusted)		Effect estimate of the iCCM intervention (adjusted)
	Intervention arm	Comparison arm	Change in percentage	95% CI	p value	Intervention arm	Comparison arm	Change in percentage	95% CI	p value
Child cases with fever, pneumonia symptoms and diarrhea
Pre-intervention	n = 212	n = 216
Post-intervention	n = 285	n = 268
Appropriate treatment for the childhood conditions
Uncomplicated malaria^a
Pre-intervention	8.3	31.9	80.2	53.9, 106.5	< 0.001	− 65.3	− 38.5	34.5	8.6, 60.4	< 0.009
Post-intervention	57.4	0.9				− 51.9	− 59.6
Pneumonia symptoms^b
Pre-intervention	0	0	65.5	51.2, 79.8	< 0.001	− 56.1	− 56.9	54.7	28.4, 81.0	< 0.001
Post-intervention	65.5	0				− 0.4	− 55.8
Non-bloody diarrhea^c
Pre-intervention	51.3	45.7	31.4	0.8, 62.0	0.045	5.3	− 10.1	− 11.2	− 65.5, 43.1	0.687
Post-intervention	65.6	28.6				− 11.8	− 16.0

^aControlled for child presenting with fever or history of fever, testing child with malaria RDT, counting respiratory rate of child, care-seeker being friends with drug seller, if care-seeker paid for diagnostic tests, time to get from home to drug shop, R-square = 0.75
^bControlled for child presenting with fever or history of fever, child presenting with cough or difficulty in breathing, testing child with malaria RDT, if child did not undergo any diagnostic testing, how care-seeker decided to buy medicine, care-seeker being friends with drug seller, care-seeker sex, child’s condition not being severe, R-square = 0.66
^cControlled for child presenting with signs of fever or history of fever, cough or difficulty in breathing, diarrhoea, counting respiratory rate of child, measuring temperature of child, if care-seeker was made to repeat treatment instructions, seeking care elsewhere before coming to drug shop, how care-seeker decided to buy medicine, care-seeker being able to take medicines on credit, good customer service at drug shop, R = 0.29

ISSN: 1475-2875