A village level cluster-randomized entomological evaluation of combination long-lasting insecticidal nets containing pyrethroid plus PBO synergist in Southern Mali

Table 1 Mortality of Anopheles gambiae s.l. following exposure to permethrin with and without pre-exposure to the synergist PBO (2013)

Village	Number tested permethrin	Number tested permethrin + PBO	% mortality permethrin (95% CI)	% mortality perm + PBO (95% CI)	P value
Permethrin LLIN distributed
Karako	100	70	1 (< 1–5)	21 (14–34)	0.001
Geleba 2	103	103	1 (< 1–5)	43 (33–53)	0.001
Toula (east and west)^a	102	101	1 (< 1–5)	4 (2–10)	0.175
Total	305	274	1 (< 1–3)	23 (18–29)	0.001
Permethrin + PBO LLIN distributed
Dialake^b	104	100	3 (< 1–8)	11 (6–19)	0.022
Lelenkou^b	100	99	0 (0–4)	15 (9–24)	0.001
Farabacoura west	104	102	0 (0–3)	7 (3–14)	0.008
Deneklin	103	100	4 (< 1–9)	75 (65–83)	0.001
Faradjele^c	Not tested				n/a
Total	411	401	2 (1–3)	27 (23–31)	0.001

^aToula east and west were subsequently separated into two village clusters prior to treatment allocation
^bDue to the small size and proximity of Dialake and Lelenkou, they were subsequently included in the study as a single village cluster
^cDue to the availability of mosquitoes only deltamethrin and deltamethrin + PBO were tested in Faradjele. The mortality was 38% (n = 99) with deltamethrin and 77% (n = 103) with deltamethrin + PBO. The result showed a significant increase of mortality after PBO exposure (P = 0.0001)

ISSN: 1475-2875