Fig. 2

Association of antibody levels with maternal infection, pregnancy outcomes and incidence of malaria in children. Multivariate analysis including all the antibodies and adjusted for parity, age, neighbourhood, season, household indoor residual spraying and use of insecticide treated nets. Y axis represent the adjusted ratio of antibody levels between women with placental infection and women without infection (a), the effect of a twofold increase in antibody levels on the newborn weight (b), on maternal haemoglobin levels (c) and on the risk of malaria episodes in infants (d). Δ Expresses the increase or decrease of newborn weight or maternal haemoglobin levels with twofold increases in antibody levels. * identifies statistically significant p values (< 0.05)