Table 4 Baseline characteristics of study participants at individual level

Parity

 0

295

34.95

215

26.28

510

30.69

 1

195

23.10

191

23.35

386

23.23

 ≥ 2

354

41.94

412

50.37

766

46.09

Gravidity

 1

238

28.20

176

21.52

414

24.91

 2

189

22.39

182

22.25

371

22.32

 ≥ 3

417

49.41

460

56.23

877

52.77

Gestation at first ANC visit

 First

324

38.57

260

31.86

584

35.27

 Second

414

49.29

451

55.27

865

52.23

 Third

102

12.14

105

12.87

207

12.5

 Mean (SD) gestational age

15.93

7.12

17.08

6.74

Age group

 Under 20

125

14.81

134

16.38

259

15.58

 20–29

470

55.69

423

51.71

893

53.73

 30 and above

249

29.50

261

31.91

510

30.69

 Mean age (SD)

26.29

6.37

26.44

6.64

Educational level

 None

87

10.32

127

15.54

214

12.89

 Basic

617

73.19

611

74.79

1228

73.98

 Post basic

139

16.49

79

9.67

218

13.13

ITN ownership

 Yes

574

68.09

665

81.3

1239

74.59

ITN use

 Yes

341

40.45

470

57.46

811

48.83

IPT-SP served

 Yes

239

28.35

294

36.16

533

32.19

Anaemia

 Yes

381

45.14

403

49.27

784

47.17

 Mean haemoglobin (SD) (g/dl)

11.03

(1.46)

10.99

(1.44)

Parasitaemia

 Yes

64

7.69

111

13.70

175

10.66

 GMPD (95% CI)

653.45 (481.56–886.68)

442.76 (332.01–590.46)