Table 1 Description of variables research (%) within the categorical variable: malaria prevalence, characteristics of participants, the accessibility and utilization of health service, environmental sanitation, the behaviour of participants, and the location of cages of livestock

The dependent variable

 Malaria prevalence

  0. No

  1. Yes

The independent variables

 Sex

  0. Male

  1. Female

 Age (years)

  0. Productive age (15–64 years)

  1. Not productive age (< 15 and > 64 years)

 Education

  0. Completed high school

  1. High school not completed

  2. < 10 years of age

 Main occupation

  0. Other occupation

  1. Farmer/fisherman/labourer

  2. < 10 years of age

 The time to reach the nearest hospital

  0. < 60 min

  1. > 60 min

 The time to reach the nearest community health facilities

  0. < 60 min

  1. > 60 min

 The type of container/media used

  0. Closed container

  1. Others

 The sewage canal

  0. Closed container in the yard

  1. Others

 The condition of sewage canal

  0. Closed canal

  1. Others

 Mosquito nets

  0. Yes

  1. No

  2. No answer

 Insecticide-treated bed net

  0. Yes

  1. No

  2. No answer

 The habit of defecate

  0. Yes

  1. No

  2. < 10 years of age

 Raising large-sized breeding animals (cows, buffaloes, horses)

  0. No have

  1. Cage inside the house

  2. Cage outside the house

 Raising medium-sized breeding animals (goats, sheep, pigs)

  0. No have

  1. Cage inside the house

  2. Cage outside the house