Genetic polymorphism and natural selection of circumsporozoite surface protein in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from Myanmar

Lê, Hương Giang; Kang, Jung-Mi; Moe, Mya; Jun, Hojong; Thái, Thị Lam; Lee, Jinyoung; Myint, Moe Kyaw; Lin, Khin; Sohn, Woon-Mok; Shin, Ho-Joon; Kim, Tong-Soo; Na, Byoung-Kuk

doi:10.1186/s12936-018-2513-0

Table 1 Genetic polymorphism and tests of neutrality in C-terminal region of global PfCSP

From: Genetic polymorphism and natural selection of circumsporozoite surface protein in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from Myanmar

Country	n	K	S	Total No. of mutations	H	Hd ± SD	π ± SD	dN–dS	Tajima’s D^P-value	Fu and Li’s D^P-value	Fu and Li’s F^P-value
Asia
Myanmar	51	0.92	3	3	3	0.329 ± 0.072	0.004 ± 0.003	0.005 ± 0.003	0.764^a	0.889^a	0.992^a
Vietnam	23	4.39	14	16	23	1.000 ± 0.013	0.019 ± 0.001	0.024 ± 0.008	0.050^a	0.862^a	0.722^a
Thailand	223	1.74	12	13	8	0.485 ± 0.039	0.009 ± 0.001	0.011 ± 0.004	− 0.483^a	1.475^d	0.886^a
Philippines	42	5.79	18	19	9	0.821 ± 0.041	0.028 ± 0.001	0.033 ± 0.009	1.019^a	1.649^b	1.701^c
Iran	21	0.93	2	2	2	0.467 ± 0.075	0.004 ± 0.001	0.006 ± 0.004	1.564^a	0.858^a	1.205^a
India	15	3.71	18	19	13	0.981 ± 0.031	0.019 ± 0.004	0.023 ± 0.007	− 1.486^a	− 1.173^a	− 1.448^a
Total	375	2.73	25	29	38	0.653 ± 0.027	0.013 ± 0.001	0.016 ± 0.005	− 1.032^a	− 0.235^a	− 0.698^a
Oceania
PNG	94	1.17	5	5	4	0.532 ± 0.034	0.006 ± 0.001	0.007 ± 0.004	0.419^a	− 0.012^a	0.151^a
Vanuatu	116	0.55	2	2	2	0.276 ± 0.046	0.003 ± 0.001	0.003 ± 0.002	0.706^a	0.674^a	0.801^a
Solomon Islands	51	0.83	4	4	3	0.397 ± 0.066	0.004 ± 0.0007	0.005 ± 0.003	− 0.1426^a	− 1.209^a	− 1.029^a
Total	261	1.09	5	5	4	0.522 ± 0.012	0.005 ± 0.0002	0.007 ± 0.004	0.626^a	− 0.214^a	0.087^a
Africa
Kenya	18	5.83	17	20	12	0.922 ± 0.051	0.028 ± 0.003	0.035 ± 0.011	0.010^a	0.295^a	0.247^a
Cameroon	9	4.56	12	15	7	0.944 ± 0.07	0.022 ± 0.005	0.028 ± 0.009	− 0.842^a	− 0.689^a	− 0.813^a
Gambia	44	5.83	18	21	20	0.944 ± 0.019	0.028 ± 0.002	0.036 ± 0.009	0.677^a	1.006^a	1.068^a
Ghana	33	5.02	18	22	19	0.932 ± 0.028	0.024 ± 0.003	0.031 ± 0.009	− 0.257^a	0.474^a	0.278^a
Tanzania	60	6.45	22	26	30	0.969 ± 0.008	0.031 ± 0.001	0.039 ± 0.011	0.499^a	0.852^a	0.863^a
Senegal	11	4.54	10	12	9	0.964 ± 0.051	0.019 ± 0.002	0.024 ± 0.007	0.475^a	1.149^a	1.106^a
Total	175	21.76	150	169	58	0.968 ± 0.004	0.105 ± 0.021	0.169 ± 0.055	− 0.831^a	2.648^b	1.205^a
South America
Venezuela	10	6.44	14	16	7	0.911 ± 0.077	0.031 ± 0.003	0.034 ± 0.014	0.645^a	0.799^a	0.857^a
Brazil	42	2.33	8	8	3	0.459 ± 0.08	0.011 ± 0.002	0.014 ± 0.005	0.721^a	1.309^d	1.317^a
Total	52	3.74	16	18	9	0.630 ± 0.065	0.018 ± 0.002	0.022 ± 0.007	− 0.188^a	0.431^a	0.257^a

PNG Papua New Guinea, n number of sequences analysed, S number of Segregating sites, K average number of nucleotide differences, H number of Haplotypes, Hd haplotype diversity, π observed average pairwise nucleotide diversity, dN rate of non-synonymous mutations, dS rate of synonymous mutations, SD standard deviation
^aP > 0.1; ^b P < 0.02; ^c P < 0.05; ^d 0.05 < P < 0.1

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