Table 1 Socio-economic factors associated with the risk of malaria (univariate analysis) (n = 906)
From: Epidemiological risk factors for clinical malaria infection in the highlands of Western Kenya
Variable | Cases (%) | Controls (%) | Odds ratio | 95% CI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||||
Male | 48.0 | 46.7 | Ref | 0.72–1.25 | 0.708 |
Female | 52.0 | 53.3 | 0.95 | ||
Age (years) | |||||
< 5 | 60.9 | 62.6 | Ref | ||
≥ 5 | 39.1 | 37.4 | 1.07 | 0.81–1.42 | 0.632 |
Occupation status | |||||
Father | |||||
Jobless | 6.3 | 7.9 | Ref | ||
Farmer | 47.0 | 49.7 | 1.20 | 0.68–2.11 | 0.538 |
Employed | 46.7 | 42.4 | 1.39 | 0.79–2.46 | 0.254 |
Level of education | |||||
Father | |||||
None | 2.3 | 2.0 | Ref | ||
Primary | 60.3 | 44.7 | 1.16 | 0.45–2.99 | 0.764 |
Secondary | 32.5 | 43.9 | 0.63 | 0.24–1.66 | 0.348 |
Tertiary | 5.0 | 9.4 | 0.45 | 0.15–1.34 | 0.127 |
Population in house | |||||
< 5 | 38.7 | 38.6 | Ref | ||
≥ 5 | 61.3 | 61.4 | 0.99 | 0.75–1.32 | 1.00 |