Status of insecticide resistance and its biochemical and molecular mechanisms in Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae) from Afghanistan

Table 3 Mean enzyme activities and enzyme ratios (ER) measured in An. stephensi populations from Afghanistan

Enzyme	Population	Mean	ER
Alfa esterase	Susceptible	0.000517	1
	Kunar	0.000983	1.90
	Laghman	0.001050	2.03
	Nangarhar	0.000917	1.77
Beta esterase	Susceptible	0.000567	1
	Kunar	0.000961	1.69
	Laghman	0.001075	1.89
	Nangarhar	0.000904	1.59
GST	Susceptible	0.11445	1
	Kunar	0.16204	1.41
	Laghman	0.23021	2.01
	Nangarhar	0.21822	1.90
cytochrome p450	Susceptible	0.0000491	1
	Kunar	0.0001316	2.68
	Laghman	0.0001167	2.37
	Nangarhar	0.0001204	2.45
% AChE inhibition	Susceptible	68.63	1
	Kunar	51.98	0.75
	Laghman	48.82	0.71
	Nangarhar	53.14	0.77

ERs are the results of the mean enzyme activity or content of the field populations divided by those of the susceptible Beech population. %AChE inhibition is the percentage of acetylcholinesterase inhibition of the field populations compared with the susceptible Beech population