Fig. 1

Schematic of two-colour lateral flow assay. Mixture antibodies to (pan)pLDH and PfHRP2, and antibodies to mouse IgG were modified on nitrocellulose to generate test and control lines, respectively. The malaria antigens of individual pLDH, HRP2 or both were dispensed onto a sample pad of strips that were then washed in buffer. The blue and red latex particles enabled to capture pLDH and PfHRP2 at a conjugate pad, respectively. Then, antigens bound to latex particles were transported through the strip and sandwiched at the test lines. The different colours were developed on the test regions corresponding a type of antigens and concentrations. Schematic details of the test regions showed the test lines with (a) the blue colour for pLDH detection only, (b) mixture colour of blue and red for simultaneous detection, and (c) red colour for PfHRP2 detection only