Table 1 Characteristics of anti-malarial drug efficacy trials
Africa | Asia | South America | Totala | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of ACT-studies (%) | 133 (69.4) | 65 (28.0) | 6 (2.6) | 204 |
Number of non-ACT-studies (%) | 62 (100) | 0 | 0 | 62 |
Number of subjects (%) | 64,553 (74.4) | 21,168 (24.4) | 1,055 (1.2) | 86,776 |
Study year, range | 1993–2015 | 1991–2016 | 2004–2016 | 1993–2016 |
Age at enrolment (no of studies) | ||||
Under 5 years of age | 67 | 2 | 0 | 69 |
All ages | 128 | 63 | 6 | 197 |
Treatment studied (no of treatment arms in efficacy study) | ||||
ACT (including monotherapy) | ||||
Artesunate | 21 | 24 | 1 | 46 |
Artemether–lumefantrine (AL) | 169 | 32 | 2 | 203 |
Artesunate–amodiaquine (ASAQ) | 94 | 6 | 1 | 101 |
Artesunate–mefloquine (ASMQ) | 15 | 62 | 3 | 80 |
Artesunate–sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (ASSP) | 41 | 47 | 0 | 88 |
Dihydroartemisinin piperaquine (DHAP) | 50 | 53 | 1 | 104 |
Non-ACT | ||||
Chloroquine (CQ) | 35 | 0 | 0 | 35 |
Sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) | 69 | 0 | 0 | 69 |
Others | 30 | 0 | 0 | 30 |
Efficacy %, median | ||||
ACT (including monotherapy) | 97.9 | 100 | 100 | 99.3 |
Artesunate | 86.4 | 100 | 100 | 95.5 |
Artemether–lumefantrine | 97.8 | 97.4 | 100 | 98.4 |
Artesunate–amodiaquine | 97.8 | 94.9 | 97.1 | 96.6 |
Artesunate–mefloquine | 99.3 | 99.2 | 100 | 99.5 |
Artesunate–sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine | 97.7 | 100 | 98.9 | |
Dihydroartemisinin piperaquine | 98.4 | 100 | 99.2 | 99.2 |
Non-ACT | 83.1 | 83.1 | ||
Chloroquine | 61.1 | 61.1 | ||
Sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine | 91.3 | 91.3 | ||
Others | 82.3 | 82.3 | ||