Fig. 2

DMF treatment reduces activation of TNF stimulated HBMVEC. a IL-6 concentrations were measured by ELISA in the supernatants of HBMVEC stimulated by TNF for 24 h with or without 1 h DMF-pretreatment (n = 3 independent experiments in triplicate, ***p < 0.001, analysis of variance followed by post-hoc multiple comparisons using Turkey’s test). b IL-6 concentration measured by ELISA in the supernatants of HBMVEC stimulated by co-treatment with TNF and DMF for 24 h (n = 3 independent experiments in triplicate, test statistics as above). Bars in a and b depict the mean with SEM. c Confocal microscopy of NFκBp65 in resting or TNF stimulated (30 min) with or without DMF pre-treatment (1 h). Images are representative of 3 independent experiments. DMF dimethyl fumarate