Table 1 Characteristics of parasite panels used to test malaria rapid diagnostic tests

Wild-type

Panel composition: 100 diluted clinical samples each at 200 parasites/µL

pfhrp2 status: confirmed pfhrp2-positive

Sample origins: Central African Republic (n = 1), Colombia (n = 6), Ethiopia (n = 1), Kenya (n = 1), Cambodia (n = 17), Myanmar (n = 1), Nigeria (n = 51), Peru (n = 6), Philippines (n = 1), Senegal (n = 5) and Tanzania (n = 10)

Mean: 11.76; Median: 6.76; Range: 0.67-62.48

Mean: 16.13; Median: 13.59; Range: 0.19-53.53

All

pfhrp2-deleted

Panel composition: 7 diluted clinical samples (200 parasites/µL) from Loreto region of Peru plus 33 culture-adapted samples (11 serial dilutions x Dd2, D10 and 3BD5) with Pf-LDH concentrations equivalent to 200 parasites/µL;

pfhrp2 status: 18 samples confirmed to be pfhrp2/3-deleted (double-deleted; 7 clinical samples plus 11 dilutions of 3BD5 strain); 22 samples confirmed to be pfhrp2-deleted with intact pfhrp3 (single-deleted; 11 dilutions each of Dd2 and D10 strains)

Mean: 0.27;

Median: 0.11; Range: 0.00–1.70;

Range (single-deleted): 0.10-1.70;

Range (double-deleted): 0.00-0.20

Mean: 13.75; Median: 9.85;

Range: 2.50–58.00

All

Double-deleted (higher density)

Panel composition: 7 diluted clinical samples (2000 parasites/µL) from Loreto region of Peru plus 11 samples of culture-adapted 3BD5 with tenfold higher Pf-LDH concentrations than used in pfhrp2-deleted panel

pfhrp2 status: confirmed pfhrp2/3-deleted

Mean^a: 0.07;

Median^a: 0.00

Range^a: 0.00–0.37

Mean^a: 224.25;

Median^a: 193.78;

Range^a: 47.50-526.00

RDTs with Pf-LDH test band