Table 1 Primers for Nested PCR of pfmdr1 Long and Short Fragments and Cycling Programs Adapted and Modified from the Work of Humphreys et al. [19]

Outer forward FN1/15_- AGGTTGAAAAAGAGTTGAAC

Outer reverse REV/C15_-ATGACACCACAAACATAAAT

34 cycles of 94 °C for 30 s; 55 °C for 30 s; and 65 °C for 1 min; then 65 °C for 5 min and 4 °C forever

34 cycles of 94 °C for 30 s; 55 °C for 1 min; and 65 °C for 1.5 min; then 65 °C for 5 min and 4 °C forever

Outer forward MDRFR2F15_-GTGTATTTGCTGTAAGAGCT

Outer reverse MDRFR2R15_-GACATATTAAATAACATGGGTTC

Nested forward MDR2/15_-ACAAAAAGAGTACCGCTGAAT

Nested reverse NEWREV15_-AAACGCAAGTAATACATAAAGTC

29 cycles of 94 °C 30 s; 60 °C for 30 s; and 65 °C for 1 min; then 65 °C for 5 min and 4 °C forever

28 cycles of 94 °C for 30 s; 60 °C for 30 s; and 65 °C for 1 min; then 65 °C for 5 min and 4 °C forever

Nested forward MDRFR2F25_ CAGATGATGAAATGTTTAAAGATC

Nested reverse MDRFR2R25_-TAAATAACATGGGTTCTTGACT