Table 2 Random effects logistic regression results assessing, among RCD participants, the association between risk factors and testing positive for a malaria infection during a case investigation

Season and distance from uninhabited areas

Dry season > 250 m

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Dry season and ≤ 250 m

1.88 (0.80–4.42)

0.150

3.74 (0.50–28.13)

0.200

Wet season and > 250 m

2.06 (0.85–5.03)

0.150

6.16 (0.76–49.77)

0.088

Wet season and ≤ 250 m

2.27 (1.01–5.09)

0.048

8.90 (1.31–60.49)

0.025

Age of person tested

< 5 years

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

5–15 years

1.74 (1.27–2.39)

0.001

2.01 (1.29–3.11)

0.002

> 15 years

1.24 (0.85–1.81)

0.273

1.47 (0.87–2.46)

0.146

Sex of person tested

Female

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Male

1.11 (0.83–1.49)

0.477

1.10 (0.74–1.64)

0.639

Travel in past 1 month

None

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Outside Lusaka

11.06 (5.14–23.80)

< 0.0001

13.65 (6.28–29.64)

< 0.0001

Location of household

Adjacent to index case

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

Index case house

4.33 (3.18–5.90)

< 0.0001

4.03 (2.57–6.33)

< 0.0001