Fig. 3

Increased plasma Flt3L in adults with acute P. falciparum or P. knowlesi malaria. a Plasma Flt3L levels in clinical malaria patients with either P. falciparum, (n = 10, circles) or P. knowlesi (n = 13, triangles) malaria (acute) compared to convalescence (conval) or compared to local uninfected healthy controls (n = 12, healthy, squares). Correlation of DC subset number at convalescence (conval) and Flt3L concentration at acute infection for pDC (left plots), CD1c⁺ DC (middle plots) and CD141⁺ DC (right plots) in b P. falciparum and c P. knowlesi clinical malaria. Box plots show the 10–90th percentile, median and interquartile range for data from all participants. The Wilcoxon matched-pairs sign rank test was used to compare matched data and Mann–Whitney T-test was used to compare unpaired data (healthy vs acute) and Spearman’s rank correlation was used for correlations. Tests were two-tailed and considered significant if p-values < 0.05