Table 3 Factors associated with first malaria infection among participants enrolled in malaria incidence study on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea (Cox regression, N = 240)

Age group

 6 to 59 months

1

1

 5 to 17 years

1.21 (0.61, 2.41)

1.31 (0.63, 2.76)

 18 to 45 years

0.9 (0.43, 1.86)

1.09 (0.51, 2.33)

Sex

 Male

1

1

 Female

0.5 (0.28, 0.91)*

0.39 (0.21, 0.72)*

Area

 Area I

1

1

 Area II

0.83 (0.29, 2.37)

1.17 (0.4, 3.44)

 Area III

1.84 (0.73, 4.60)

1.85 (0.71, 4.81)

 Area IV

2.78 (1.17, 6.57)*

3.63 (1.5, 8.8)*

TBS positive before enrollment^b

 Yes

1

1

 No

0.41 (0.17, 0.97)*

0.25 (0.1, 0.68)*

Household SES

 Lower

1

1

 Lower middle

1.82 (0.84, 3.94)

3.35 (1.46, 7.68)*

 Middle

0.76 (0.33, 1.76)

1.06 (0.45, 2.52)

 Upper middle

1.03 (0.44, 2.37)

1.56 (0.66, 3.69)

 Upper

0.25 (0.07, 0.87)*

0.31 (0.09, 1.14)