Table 1 Overview of the thirteen environmental variables selected for this study

Elevation

Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM)

30 m

[33]

Slope

SRTM

30 m

[34]

Aspect—sines

SRTM

30 m

[34]

Aspect—cosines

SRTM

30 m

[34]

Flow accumulation

SRTM

30 m

[35]

Distance to marshlands

World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF)

Shapefile

[36]

Distance to river networks

SRTM

30 m

[37]

Distance to open water bodies

Landviewer, Sentinel 2 L2A

10 m

[35]

Topographic Position Index (TPI)

SRTM

30 m

[34]

Topographic Wetness Index (TWI)

SRTM

30 m

[34]

Normalised Difference Water Index (NDWI)

Landviewer, Sentinel 2 L2A

10 m

[35]

Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)

Landviewer, Sentinel 2 L2A

10 m

27th of February 2019

[38]

27th of July 2019

15th of September 2019

Population density

Worldpop

100 m

[35]