Presence and potential distribution of malaria-infected New World primates of Costa Rica

Malaria Journal

Table 2 New World primates and locations found Plasmodium positive, and species detected in Costa Rica, 2000–2012

Species	Year	Sample number		P. falciparum	P. malariae/P. brasilianum	P. vivax	Total +	Positive region
Species	Year	Wild	Captivity	P. falciparum	P. malariae/P. brasilianum	P. vivax	Total +	Positive region
	2000	3	0	0	0	0	0
Howler monkey	2001	29	0	0	0	0	0
	2002	43	0	0	0	0	0
	2007	1	0	1	0	0	1	Northern Huetar region
	2008	14	0	0	4	0	4	Atlantic Huetar region
	2009	9	0	0	0	0	0
	2010	17	0	2	0	2	4	Chorotega (1), Northern Huetar (1), Central Pacific (2) regions
	2011	15	0	0	0	1	1	Chorotega region
	2012	2	0	0	0	0	0
	Total	130		3	4	3	10
White-face monkey	2001	9	0	0	0	0	0
	2002	6	0	0	0	0	0
	2003	19	0	0	0	0	0
	2004	23	0	1	0	0	1	Central Pacific region
	2005	8	0	0	1	0	1	Northern Huetar region
	2006	10	0	0	3	0	3	Brunca (1); Central Pacific (2) regions
	2007	4	0	0	0	0	0
	2010	6	4	1	0	0	1	Central Pacific region
	2011	24	1	2	0	2	4	Chorotega (1) Central Pacific (3) regions
	2012	10	8	0	0	0	0
	Total	132		4	4	2	10
Squirrel monkey	2002	7	0	0	0	1	1	Central Pacific region
	2003	14	0	0	0	0	0
	2004	9	0	0	0	0	0
	2006	9	0	1	2	0	3	Central Pacific region
	2007	3	0	0	0	0	0
	2010	4	0	0	0	0	0
	2011	4	0	1	0	0	1	Central Pacific region
	Total	50		2	2	1	5
Red spider monkey	2001	4	0	0	0	0	0
	2004	2	3	0	0	0	0
	2005	20	8	3^a	2^a	2^a	7	Northern Huetar region
	2006	17	4	0	0	0	0
	2007	0	6	0	0	0	0
	2010	0	1	1^a	0	0	1	Central Pacific region
	2011	0	6	0	0	0	0
	2012	0	1	0	0	0	0
	Total	72		4	2	2	8
Final total		384		13 (3.4%)	12 (3.1%)	8 (2.1%)	33 (8.6%)

ISSN: 1475-2875