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Table 1 Impact of Covid-19 on malaria services

From: The impact of Covid-19 on malaria services in three high endemic districts in Rwanda: a mixed-method study

Malaria Indicators

Immediate change

Monthly change

Estimate

95% CI

P-value

Estimate

95% CI

P-value

Malaria testing

Testing (per 1000 population) the health facility level

− 5.87

[− 17.62, 5.87]

0.308

− 4.32

[− 6.25, − 2.40]

 < 0.001*

Testing (per 1000 population) at the community level

0.80

[− 9.89, 11.50]

0.884

2.38

[0.34, 4.41]

0.033*

Testing (per 1000 population)—community and health facilities combined

− 0.43

[− 18.29, 17.42]

0.962

− 1.28

[− 5.76, 3.20]

0.582

% of suspected malaria cases that received a parasitological test at the community level

4.75

[− 4.20, 13.70]

0.280

2.96

[1.49, 4.42]

 < 0.001*

Uncomplicated malaria

Uncomplicated malaria cases (per 1000 population)

− 0.79

[− 14.55, 12.96]

0.911

2.69

[− 1.13, 6.51]

0.183

Uncomplicated malaria cases (per 1000 population) at the health facility level

− 0.16

[− 8.02, 7.69]

0.964

− 0.23

[− 1.52, 1.05]

0.707

Uncomplicated malaria cases (per 1000 population) at the community level

0.90

[− 7.87, 9.69]

0.841

2.06

[0.28, 3.84]

0.034*

% of malaria cases diagnosed at the community level

3.15

[− 7.41, 13.73]

0.539

1.93

[0.20, 3.66]

0.030*

Malaria test positivity

Overall positivity rate (%)

− 1.23

[− 11.18, 8.71]

0.810

3.05

[1.22, 4.88]

0.004*

Positivity rate (%) at the health facility level

1.93

[− 13.89, 17.77]

0.813

4.75

[1.36, 8.15]

0.012*

Positivity rate (%) at the community level

6.72

[1.13, 12.30]

0.020*

− 0.51

[− 1.42, 0.40]

0.253

Severe malaria and deaths

Severe malaria (per 100,000 malaria cases)

16.74

[− 4.68, 38.16]

0.142

− 5.47

[− 8.62, − 2.32]

0.003*

Case fatality rate (per 100,000 malaria cases)

5.80

[3.62, 7.98]

 < 0.001*

− 0.52

[− 0.83, − 0.21]

0.003*

  1. *p < 0.05—statistically significant