Fig. 6

Field evaluation of the efficacy of the 24 h synthetic cattle urine odour blend. The field trials were carried out in south central Ethiopia (map), nearby the town of Meki (insert), using Centers of Disease Control (CDC) light traps (right) in paired houses using a Latin square design (aerial map) (A). CDC light traps baited with the synthetic odour differentially attracted and captured female Anopheles arabiensis (B), but not Anopheles pharoensis (C), an affect that was dependent on physiological state. In addition, the traps caught significantly higher numbers of host-seeking Culex spp. (D) compared to the controls. Bars on the left represent the average choice indices of mosquitoes caught in paired odour baited (green) and control (open) traps (N = 10), whereas bars on the right represent the choice indices of mosquitoes caught in paired control traps (open; N = 5). Asterisks denote the level of statistical significance (*p = 0.01 and ***p < 0.0001)