Temporal trends in molecular markers of drug resistance in Plasmodium falciparum in human blood and profiles of corresponding resistant markers in mosquito oocysts in Asembo, western Kenya

Table 2 Prevalence of Pfcrt and Pfmdr1 mutant SNPs and haplotypes between 2012 and 2017

Gene	SNP	Percent in 2012	Percent in 2017	P value
*Pfcrt*		n = 208	n = 110
	C72S	0	0	N/A
	V73V	100	100	N/A
	M74I	17.3	0.9	0.001
	N75D/E	18.3	0.9	0.001
	K76T	18.3	0.9	0.001
Pfmdr1		n = 207	n = 111
	N86Y	10.2	0	0.001
	Y184F	52.2	55.9	0.61
	S1034C	0	0	N/A
	N1042D	0	0	N/A
	D1246Y	13.5	9.9	0.448
Mutation number	Haplotype	Percent in 2012	Percent in 2017	P value
Pfcrt		n = 208	n = 110
Wild	C₇₂V₇₃M₇₄N₇₅K₇₆	81.7	99.1	0.001
Double	C₇₂V₇₃M₇₄D₇₅T₇₆	1.0	0	0.774
Triple	C₇₂V₇₃I₇₄E₇₅T₇₆	10.6	0.9	0.003
Triple	C₇₂V₇₃I₇₄D₇₅T₇₆	6.7	0	0.013
Pfmdr1		n = 207	n = 111
Wild	N₈₆Y₁₈₄S₁₀₃₄N₁₀₄₂D₁₂₄₆	36.7	40.5	0.562
Single	N₈₆F₁₈₄S₁₀₃₄/N₁₀₄₂/D₁₂₄₆	45.4	49.6	0.557
Single	N₈₆Y₁₈₄S₁₀₃₄N₁₀₄₂Y₁₂₄₆	3.4	3.6	1.000
Single	Y₈₆Y₁₈₄S₁₀₃₄N₁₀₄₂D₁₂₄₆	2.9	0	0.168
Double	N₈₆F₁₈₄S₁₀₃₄N₁₀₄₂Y₁₂₄₆	4.4	6.3	0.622
Double	Y₈₆Y₁₈₄S₁₀₃₄N₁₀₄₂Y₁₂₄₆	4.8	0	0.043
Double	Y₈₆F₁₈₄S₁₀₃₄N₁₀₄₂D₁₂₄₆	1.5	0	0.055
Triple	Y₈₆F₁₈₄S₁₀₃₄N₁₀₄₂Y₁₂₄₆	1.0	0	0.768

N/A is not applicable
P value in bold indicates significant or marginal differences of the prevalence of resistant markers between 2012 and 2017

ISSN: 1475-2875