Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Study ID | Authors, year of publication | Study design | Country | Intervention type | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1 | Afai et al. 2021 | MM | Mozambique | RDT | Cases and deaths increased compared to the same period of previous year |
A2 | Aïkpon et al. 2020 | QL | Benin Republic | ITNs distribution | Accurate and efficient implementation of the ITN mass distribution campaigns |
A3 | AMP, 2020 | Report | 26 countries | ITN campaigns, budget revisions | Successful distribution of ITNs in 2020 (74%) which saved approximately 160,000 children |
A4 | Buonsenso et al. 2020 | QN | Sierra Leone | Not described | Cases decreased but not significant No change of deaths |
A5 | Buonsenso et al. 2021 | QN | Sierra Leone | CHWs, ITNs distribution, Systematic diagnosis | No significant drop of cases and deaths in children |
A6 | Engoba et al. 2021 | QN | DRC | Clinical interventions | Increased morbidity and mortality of malaria cases which is higher than those of COVID-19 |
A7 | Feldman et al. 2021 | QL | Cambodia | VMWs, MMWs, MPs | No decline of malaria service intervention coverage and utilization |
A8 | Gavi et al. 2021 | QN | Zimbabwe | IRS, ITNs distribution | Increased cases and deaths coincided with COVID-19 |
A9 | Hakizimana et al. 2022a | MM | Rwanda | LLINs, ANC and vaccination, IRS, HBM, CHWs, HCPs | Decreased tests in health facilities and increased in the community. Increased cases in the facility level, but no changed at the community level. No change of the trend in the number of deaths |
A10 | Hategeka et al. 2021 | QN | DRC | Not described | Decreased cases and tests |
A11 | Heuschen et al. 2022a | QN | Ghana | Sufficient ACT, ITNs, health facility access | Decreased cases rebounded at the end of 2020 |
A12 | Ilesanmi et al. 2021 | QN | Nigeria | Not described | Decreased visits to healthcare facilities. Number of ITNs increased |
A13 | Mbunge et al. 2021 | QN | Zimbabwe | IRS | Delayed IRS activities. Increased cases and deaths |
A14 | Namuganga et al. 2021 | QN | Uganda | Case management with AL, treatment during ANC, LLINs distribution, RDT, IRS campaigns | Decreased RDT. No change of cases |
A15 | PMI, 2021 | Report | Multiple | Multiple types | Disruptions in basic malaria services in health facilities and communities |
A16 | Seboka et al. 2021 | QN | Africa 20 countries | ITN ownership, malaria testing | Decreased household ITN ownership rating, No significant impact on malaria testing utilization |
A17 | Suiyanka et al. 2022a | QN | Kenya | Mitigation, supply and distribution interruptions on the delivery of LLINs | LLIN campaign temporarily interrupted but caught up later |
A18 | Thapa et al. 2020—preprint | QN | Myanmar | Health service delivery system | Increased tests, decreased cases, timely distribution of LLINs |
A19 | The Common- wealth, 2021 | Report | 25 countries | Multiple types | Halted/delayed scheduled of LLIN mass campaigns, malaria commodities stock-out |
A20 | The Global Fund, 2020 | Report | Multiple | Multiple types | Disruptions of malaria service delivery, delays in mosquito net distribution and indoor spraying programs |
A21 | The Global Fund, 2021a | Report | 107 countries | Multiple types | Decreased tests and cases, mosquito nets campaigns initially delayed but rebounded |
A22 | The Global Fund, 2021b | Report | Africa 24, Asia 7 countries | Health service delivery system | Surveillance activities fallen in 2020, decreased cases in Africa and Asia, stock out of the antimalarial medicine in Africa |
A23 | Ward et al. 2022a | MM | Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Chad | Delivering SMC | Disrupted SMC delivery. Community distributors' increased workload for adhering to COVID-19 infection prevention and control measures |
A24 | WHO, 2020a | Report | 105 countries | Health service delivery system | 46% of the 68 countries reported that malaria diagnosis and treatment were disrupted |
A25 | WHO, 2020b | Report | Multiple | Multiple types | Disrupted ANC services, malaria diagnosis and treatment, reduction in all-cause outpatient attendance, decreased overall attendance at public health facilities, higher malaria cases |
A26 | WHO, 2021a | Report | Multiple | Diagnosis, treatment, prevention | Decreased tests, disrupted ITNs distribution, IRS campaigns, and SMC campaigns |
A27 | WHO, 2021b | Report | Multiple | Multiple types | Malaria prevention services (ITNs, IRS, and SMC distribution), reduction in outpatient attendances and malaria testing during the initial phase of the pandemic |
A28 | WHO, 2021c | Report | 21 countries | Multiple types | Increased cases |
A29 | Wu et al. 2021 | Report | China | Screening | No secondary cases caused by imported malaria |