Table 3 Risk of bias of randomized controlled trial studies with ROB 2
Study | Randomization process | Deviation from intended interventions | Missing outcome data | Measurement of the outcome | Selection of reported result | Overall bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bastiaens et al. [19] | + + | + | + + + | + | + | Some concerns |
Tiono et al. [20] | + | + | + + + | + | + | Low risk |
Dysoley et al. [21] | + | + + | + + + | + | + | High risk |
Tine et al. [22] | + | + | + | + | + | Low risk |
Raman et al. [23] | + | + + | + + + | + | + | Low risk |
Leslie et al. [18] | + | + + + | + | + | + | High risk |
Llanos-Cuentas et al. [15] | + | + | + | + | + | Low risk |
Mwaiswelo et al. [24] | + | + | + | + | + | Low risk |
Leslie et al. [14] | + + + | + | + | + | + | High risk |