Fig. 2
Source of shapefile: https://gadm.org/data.html. GADM shapefile is freely available for academic use
The map of Penampang district showing the residences of the patients with Plasmodium malariae positive cases. The lower left inset shows the location of Penampang district in Sabah state. The villages are surrounded by dense forest and far away from urban area. Patients are indicated by green filled circle except the severe case which is indicated by a red filled circle. The number of adjacent to the circle is indicating the serial date of onset of fever, for example the index and last case are 1 and 19, respectively. Fever onset on the same day of patient number 8 and 9, and 13 and 14, The patients are clustered into two due to the location of the villages. The patients interacted in the forest and river for hunting and fishing, respectively. Map was produced using QGIS Version 3.10 (https://www.qgis.org/en/site/forusers/visualchangelog310/index.html).