Association of apoptosis-related variants to malaria infection and parasite density in individuals from the Brazilian Amazon

Table 3 Demographic characteristics of malaria patients according to the infecting species

Variables	Pf^a	Pv^b	Mixed infection	P-value
Variables	Pf^a	Pv^b	Mixed infection	Pf vs Pv	Pf vs Mixed infection	Pv vs Mixed infection
N	42	26	58
Age^c	31.31 ± 13.22	31.10 ± 10.64	30.52 ± 10.02	0.951	0.867	0.863
Sex (*M/F)^d	75.0/25.0	68.4/31.60	67.6/32.40	0.253	0.320	1.000
Infection history^e
First infection (yes/no)	81.2/18.8	55.6/44.4	57.6/42.4	0.008	0.035	0.989
Genomic Ancestry^f,g
European	0.529 ± 0.299	0.583 ± 0.272	0.587 ± 0.259	0.561	0.373	0.980
African	0.242 ± 0.231	0.137 ± 0.169	0.161 ± 0.175	0.030	0.048	0.289
Native American	0.235 ± 0.169	0.267 ± 0.169	0.263 ± 0.189	0.283	0.301	0.745

Pf^a, The data are shown as mean ± standard deviation
Plasmodium falciparum; Pv^b, Plasmodium vivax; Student’s t-test^c; Pearson’s chi-squared test^d; Fisher’s exact test^e; Mann–Whitney test^f; *M, male; F, female. The values highlighted in bold are statistically significant. The proportions of genomic ancestry were estimated using the STRUCTURE software^g

ISSN: 1475-2875