Examining the disparities of anti-malarial drug consumption among children under the age of five: a study of 5 malaria-endemic countries

Table 4 Univariate analysis of socio-economic variables associated with anti-malarial drugs use for malaria in the pooled data

Variables	Category	Odds ratio (OR)	P-value	Confidence interval (CI)
Child’s age	One year old	Ref
	Two years old	1.3	0.12	[0.9–1.7]
	Three years old	1.7	< 0.01	[1.3–2.3]
	Four years old	1.8	< 0.01	[1.3–2.3]
	Five years old	1.4	0.02	[1.0–1.9]
Sex of the child	Male	Ref
Sex of the child	Female	1.0	0.82	[0.8–1.2]
Type of place of residence	Urban	Ref
Type of place of residence	Rural	0.9	0.46	[0.7–1.2]
Highest educational level of mother’s	No education	Ref
	Primary	1.0	0.76	[0.7–1.3]
	Secondary	1.8	< 0.01	[1.4–2.4]
	Higher	2.6	< 0.01	[1.8–3.9]
Number of children under 5 in the household	One	Ref
	Two	0.9	0.31	[0.7–1.1]
	Three	0.9	0.38	[0.6–1.1]
	Four	0.9	0.58	[0.6–1.3]
	Five or above	1.2	0.24	[0.9–1.7]
Wealth index combined	Poorest	Ref
	Poorer	1.1	0.55	[0.8–1.7]
	Middle	1.7	0.01	[1.1–2.5]
	Richer	2.4	< 0.01	[1.6–3.5]
	Richest	3.1	< 0.01	[2.1–4.6]

ISSN: 1475-2875