Table 3 Characteristics of cases and controls in Antisirabe II and Faratsiho by District
| Â | Antsirabe II | Faratsiho | Â | Â | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Case (n = 77) | Control (n = 223) | Antsirabe II total (n = 300) | Case (n = 45) | Control (n = 88) | Faratsiho total (n = 133) | Grand total (n = 433) | |||||||
Age | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % | n | % |
 14–40 | 55 | 71.4% | 139 | 62.3% | 194 | 64.7% | 34 | 75.6% | 59 | 67.0% | 93 | 69.9% | 287 | 66.3% |
 40 and above | 11 | 14.3% | 77 | 34.5% | 88 | 29.3% | 1 | 2.2% | 29 | 33.0% | 30 | 22.6% | 118 | 27.3% |
 Less than or equal to 14 | 11 | 14.3% | 7 | 3.1% | 18 | 6.0% | 10 | 22.2% | 0 | 0.0% | 10 | 7.5% | 28 | 6.5% |
Gender | ||||||||||||||
 Female | 20 | 26.0% | 120 | 53.8% | 140 | 46.7% | 5 | 11.1% | 29 | 33.0% | 34 | 25.6% | 174 | 40.2% |
 Male | 57 | 74.0% | 103 | 46.2% | 160 | 53.3% | 40 | 88.9% | 59 | 67.0% | 99 | 74.4% | 259 | 59.8% |
Primary occupation | ||||||||||||||
 Agriculture (other than rice) | 19 | 24.7% | 143 | 64.1% | 162 | 54.0% | 1 | 2.2% | 25 | 28.4% | 26 | 19.5% | 188 | 43.4% |
 Farm animal/fishing | 4 | 5.2% | 12 | 5.4% | 16 | 5.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 5 | 5.7% | 5 | 3.8% | 21 | 4.8% |
 Indoor work | 8 | 10.4% | 25 | 11.2% | 33 | 11.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 6 | 6.8% | 6 | 4.5% | 39 | 9.0% |
 Jobs with travel/overnight stay away from home | 16 | 20.8% | 4 | 1.8% | 20 | 6.7% | 6 | 13.3% | 4 | 4.5% | 10 | 7.5% | 30 | 6.9% |
 None | 1 | 1.3% | 8 | 3.6% | 9 | 3.0% | 1 | 2.2% | 2 | 2.3% | 3 | 2.3% | 12 | 2.8% |
 Outdoor work/ manual labour | 7 | 9.1% | 2 | 0.9% | 9 | 3.0% | 5 | 11.1% |  | 0.0% | 5 | 3.8% | 14 | 3.2% |
 Rice agriculture | 13 | 16.9% | 29 | 13.0% | 42 | 14.0% | 23 | 51.1% | 46 | 52.3% | 69 | 51.9% | 111 | 25.6% |
Reside in the study district | ||||||||||||||
 No | 7 | 9.1% | 7 | 3.1% | 14 | 4.7% | 3 | 6.7% | 7 | 8.0% | 10 | 7.5% | 24 | 5.5% |
 Yes | 70 | 90.9% | 216 | 96.9% | 286 | 95.3% | 42 | 93.3% | 81 | 92.0% | 123 | 92.5% | 409 | 94.5% |
Have access to malaria prevention at home | ||||||||||||||
 No | 69 | 89.6% | 184 | 82.5% | 253 | 84.3% | 36 | 80.0% | 49 | 55.7% | 85 | 63.9% | 338 | 78.1% |
 Yes-LLIN | 8 | 10.4% | 30 | 13.5% | 38 | 12.7% | 9 | 20.0% | 36 | 40.9% | 45 | 33.8% | 83 | 19.2% |
 Yes-Other | 0 | 0.0% | 5 | 2.2% | 5 | 1.7% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 5 | 1.2% |
 Yes-sleep in a tent with LLIN | 0 | 0.0% | 4 | 1.8% | 4 | 1.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 3 | 3.4% | 3 | 2.3% | 7 | 1.6% |
Slept under LLIN | ||||||||||||||
 No | 68 | 88.3% | 189 | 84.8% | 257 | 85.7% | 39 | 86.7% | 53 | 60.2% | 92 | 69.2% | 349 | 80.6% |
 Yes | 9 | 11.7% | 34 | 15.2% | 43 | 14.3% | 6 | 13.3% | 35 | 39.8% | 41 | 30.8% | 84 | 19.4% |
Spent night outside | ||||||||||||||
 No | 60 | 77.9% | 210 | 94.2% | 270 | 90.0% | 23 | 51.1% | 87 | 98.9% | 110 | 82.7% | 380 | 87.8% |
 Yes | 17 | 22.1% | 13 | 5.8% | 30 | 10.0% | 22 | 48.9% | 1 | 1.1% | 23 | 17.3% | 53 | 12.2% |
Travel | ||||||||||||||
 No travel | 60 | 77.9% | 210 | 94.2% | 270 | 90.0% | 23 | 51.1% | 87 | 98.9% | 110 | 82.7% | 380 | 87.8% |
 Travel with accommodation | 4 | 5.2% | 5 | 2.2% | 9 | 3.0% | 18 | 40.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 18 | 13.5% | 27 | 6.2% |
 Travel with outdoors stay | 10 | 13.0% | 6 | 2.7% | 16 | 5.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 0 | 0.0% | 16 | 3.7% |
Had outside activities | ||||||||||||||
 No | 69 | 89.6% | 207 | 92.8% | 276 | 92.0% | 42 | 93.3% | 83 | 94.3% | 125 | 94.0% | 401 | 92.6% |
 Yes | 8 | 10.4% | 16 | 7.2% | 24 | 8.0% | 3 | 6.7% | 5 | 5.7% | 8 | 6.0% | 32 | 7.4% |
Student (among those under 18Â years) | ||||||||||||||
 Total < 18 | 16 | 20.8% | 21 | 9.4% | 37 | 12.3% | 12 | 26.7% | 4 | 4.5% | 16 | 12.0% | 53 | 12.2% |
 No | 8 | 50.0% | 6 | 27.3% | 14 | 36.8% | 5 | 41.7% | 4 | 100.0% | 9 | 56.3% | 23 | 42.6% |
 Yes | 8 | 50.0% | 16 | 72.7% | 24 | 63.2% | 7 | 58.3% | 0 | 0.0% | 7 | 43.8% | 31 | 57.4% |