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Table 2 Number and proportion of An. gambiae s.l. collected indoors and outdoors in treated communes (Kandi, Gogounou, Djougou, Copargo) and control communes (Bembèrèkè, Bassila) in 2019, 2020 and 2021

From: Did the prolonged residual efficacy of clothianidin products lead to a greater reduction in vector populations and subsequent malaria transmission compared to the shorter residual efficacy of pirimiphos-methyl?

Location

Insecticide (Year)

Period

Department of Alibori

Department of Donga

Control Commune (Bembèrèkè)

Communes under IRS (Kandi + Gogounou)

P3 (RR3)

Control Commune (Bassila)

Communes under IRS (Djougou + Copargo)

P3 (RR3)

HBR/night (Eff/NbC)

P1 (RR1)

HBR/night (Eff/NbC)

P2 (RR2)

HBR/night (Eff/NbC)

P1 (RR1)

HBR/night (Eff/NbC)

P2 (RR2)

Indoors

PM 300 CS (2019)

Before IRS

1.6 (51/32)

 < 0.0001 (19.65)

1.9 (120/64)

 < 0.0001 (2.75)

0.372 (1.18)

1.1 (35/32)

 < 0.0001 (9.77)

0.7 (45/64)

 < 0.0001 (7.76)

0.0572 (0.64)

After IRS

31.3 (1002/32)

5.2 (330/64)

 < 0.0001 (0.16)

10.7 (342/32)

5.5 (349/64)

 < 0.0001 (0.51)

Clo + Del (2020)

Before IRS

1.0 (16/16)

 < 0.0001 (12.55)

2.0 (97/48)

 < 0.0001 (7.09)

0.0064 (2.02)

0.8 (13/16)

 < 0.0001 (30.34)

0.9 (44/48)

 < 0.0001 (22.66)

0.7622 (1.13)

After IRS

26.1 (521/20)

14.3 (573/40)

 < 0.0001 (0.55)

24.7 (493/20)

20.8 (831/40)

0.0029 (0.84)

Clo 50 WG (2021)

Before IRS

1.6 (39/24)

 < 0.0001 (19.25)

5.5 (262/48)

 < 0.0001 (3.29)

 < 0.0001 (3.36)

1.5 (37/24)

 < 0.0001 (11.74)

1.4 (68/48)

 < 0.0001 (15.48)

0.6797 (0.92)

After IRS

31.3 (1001/32)

18.0 (1151/64)

 < 0.0001 (0.57)

18.1 (579/32)

21.9 (1404/64)

 < 0.0001 (1.21)

Outdoors

PM 300 CS (2019)

Before IRS

0.8 (27/32)

 < 0.0001 (30.41)

2.1 (136/64)

 < 0.0001 (3.96)

 < 0.0001 (2.52)

0.6 (19/32)

 < 0.0001 (13.11)

0.5 (34/64)

 < 0.0001 (13.94)

0.7709 (0.89)

After IRS

25.7 (821/32)

8.4 (538/64)

 < 0.0001 (0.33)

7.8 (249/32)

7.4 (474/64)

0.5281 (0.95)

Clo + Del (2020)

Before IRS

0.8 (13/16)

 < 0.0001 (20.43)

2.1 (101/48)

 < 0.0001 (5.79)

0.0005 (2.59)

1.5 (24/16)

 < 0.0001 (24.93)

0.8 (37/48)

 < 0.0001 (33.79)

0.0169 (0.51)

After IRS

16.6 (332/20)

12.2 (487/40)

 < 0.0001 (0.73)

37.4 (748/20)

26.1 (1042/40)

 < 0.0001 (0.70)

Clo 50 WG (2021)

Before IRS

1.3 (30/24)

 < 0.0001 (26.58)

4.5 (216/48)

 < 0.0001 (4.49)

 < 0.0001 (3.60)

1.8 (42/24)

 < 0.0001 (12.61)

1.1 (52/48)

 < 0.0001 (25.57)

0.0217 (0.62)

After IRS

33.2 (1063/32)

20.2 (1293/64)

 < 0.0001 (0.61)

22.1 (706/32)

27.7 (1773/64)

 < 0.0001 (1.26)

  1. Eff: Number of Anopheles gambiae s.l. collected by HLC; NbC: Number of catchers; RR: rate ratio Poisson test R 4.1.3; PM: pirimiphos-methyl; CS: capsule suspensions; WG: Water dispersible granules; Clot + Del: mixture clothianidin 500 g/kg + deltamethrin 62.5 g/kg; Clo 50 WG: clothianidin 50 WG alone; IRS: indoor residual spraying
  2. RR1: Rate ratio of HBR per night before and after the implementation of IRS in control commune within each department, with before IRS period as the reference
  3. P1: p-value of RR1 methods comparison
  4. RR2: Rate ratio of HBR per night before and after the implementation of IRS in communes under IRS within each department, with before IRS period as the reference
  5. P2: p-value of RR2 methods comparison
  6. RR3: Rate ratio of HBR per night before and after the implementation of IRS between control commune and communes under IRS within each department, with control commune as the reference
  7. P3: p-value of RR3 methods comparison
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Malaria Journal

ISSN: 1475-2875

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