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Table 4 Entomological inoculation rate (EIR) of An. gambiae s.l. in the treated area and in the control before and after IRS

From: Did the prolonged residual efficacy of clothianidin products lead to a greater reduction in vector populations and subsequent malaria transmission compared to the shorter residual efficacy of pirimiphos-methyl?

Position

Insecticide (Years)

Period

Department of Alibori

Department of Donga

Control Commune (Bembèrèkè)

Communes under IRS (Kandi + Gogounou)

P (RR)

Control Commune (Bassila)

Communes under IRS (Djougou + Copargo)

P (RR)

EIR/night

CI–95%

EIR/night

CI–95%

 

EIR/night

CI–95%

EIR/night

CI–95%

 

Indoors

PM 300 CS (2019)

Before IRS

0.09

[0.08–0.11]

0.00

[0.00–0.00]

 < 0.0001 (0.00)

0.16

[0.13–0.18]

0.02

[0.01–0.02]

 < 0.0001 (0.13)

After IRS

0.53

[0.52–0.54]

0.00

[0.00–0.00]

 < 0.0001 (0.00)

0.75

[0.73–0.77]

0.03

[0.03–0.03]

 < 0.0001 (0.04)

Clo + Del (2020)

Before IRS

0.00

[0.00–0.01]

0.00

[0.00–0.00]

1 (NaN)

0.00

[0.00–0.02]

0.02

[0.02–0.03]

0.031 (NaN)

After IRS

0.30

[0.29–0.31]

0.05

[0.05–0.05]

 < 0.0001 (0.17)

0.75

[0.73–0.77]

0.20

[0.20–0.21]

 < 0.0001 (0.27)

Clo 50 WG (2021)

Before IRS

0.00

[0.00–0.00]

0.03

[0.03–0.04]

 < 0.0001 (NaN)

0.03

[0.02–0.05]

0.01

[0.01–0.02]

 < 0.0001 (0.33)

After IRS

0.54

[0.53–0.55]

0.28

[0.27–0.28]

 < 0.0001 (0.52)

0.90

[0.89–0.92]

0.98

[0.97–0.99]

 < 0.0001 (1.09)

Outdoors

PM 300 CS (2019)

Before IRS

0.06

[0.05–0.08]

0.02

[0.01–0.02]

 < 0.0001 (0.33)

0.03

[0.02–0.05]

0.03

[0.02–0.04]

1 (1.00)

After IRS

0.22

[0.21–0.22]

0.08

[0.07–0.08]

 < 0.0001 (0.36)

0.50

[0.49–0.52]

0.03

[0.03–0.03]

 < 0.0001 (0.06)

Clo + Del (2020)

Before IRS

0.00

[0.00–0.02]

0.00

[0.00–0.00]

1 (NaN)

0.00

[0.00–0.01]

0.02

[0.02–0.03]

0.002 (NaN)

After IRS

0.25

[0.24–0.26]

0.08

[0.07–0.08]

 < 0.0001 (0.32)

0.30

[0.29–0.31]

0.15

[0.15–0.15]

 < 0.0001 (0.50)

Clo 50 WG (2021)

Before IRS

0.00

[0.00–0.01]

0.02

[0.02–0.02]

 < 0.0001 (NaN)

0.08

[0.07–0.10]

0.04

[0.03–0.05]

 < 0.0001 (0.50)

After IRS

0.35

[0.35–0.36]

0.21

[0.20–0.21]

 < 0.0001 (0.60)

1.09

[1.08–1.11]

1.22

[1.21–1.23]

 < 0.0001 (1.12)

  1. EIR: entomological inoculate rate; %: percentage; PM: pirimiphos-methyl; CS: capsule suspensions; WG: Water dispersible granules; Clot + Del: mixture clothianidin 500 g/kg + deltamethrin 62.5 g/kg; Clo 50 WG: clothianidin 50 WG alone; NaN: Not applicable
  2. RR: Rate ratio of EIR per night before and after the implementation of IRS between control commune and communes under IRS within each department, with control commune as the reference
  3. P: p-value of RR methods comparison
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Malaria Journal

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