Figure 3

CMXRos staining differentiates between live and compromised parasites. Comparative flow cytometric analysis of drug-treated (A) and starved (B) cultures of P. falciparum NF54 stained with CMXRos, coriphosphine O and hydroethidine. Cultures were treated with the two drugs atovaquone-proguanil for 30 min or starved for 48 hours and parasitaemia was determined. Dotted bar represents parasitaemia of the control culture (no treatment) and chequered bar represents parasitaemia after treatment. Error bars show the SEM between duplicate wells of the same sample. Representative data are shown from three independent experiments. Representative images from Mitotracker Red CMXRos (panels ‘a’, ‘d’, ‘g’ and ‘j’), DAPI (panels ‘b’, ‘e’, ‘h’ and ‘k’), and Giemsa (panels ‘c’, ‘f’, ‘i’ and ‘l’) stained live and treated parasites are presented in the panels besides the graph. First row images in each panel represents control culture parasites, while second row has images of parasites taken after the treatment.* p < 0.01(Bonferroni pairwise test). Scale bars are equal to 5 μm (magnification100x).