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Table 2

From: Human malarial disease: a consequence of inflammatory cytokine release

 

Influenza encephalopathy

Cerebral malaria

seizures/coma after high grade fever

+

+

metabolic acidosis

+

+

hyperlactataemia

+

+

serum TNF, IL-6, sTNFRI up

+

+

serum nitrite/nitrate up

+

+

CSF TNF, IL-6, sTNFRI up

+

+

multiple organ failure, sequelae

+

+

thrombocytopaenia

+

+

damage to vascular endothelial cells

+

+

brain oedema/damage to BBB

+

+

apoptosis in neurons/glial cells

+

+

evidence of active caspase-3 (brain)

+

+

caspase-cleaved PARP (brain)

+

+